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Related Experiment Videos

Differential sensitivity to neurotransmitters in denervated canine sinus node

G R Hageman, F Urthaler, T N James

    The American Journal of Physiology
    |August 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Cardiac denervation alters sinus node sensitivity to neurotransmitters. Norepinephrine responses increased, while acetylcholine responses remained unchanged after extrinsic denervation in dogs.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Autonomic Nervous System Regulation
    • Cardiac Electrophysiology

    Background:

    • The autonomic nervous system regulates heart rate via adrenergic and cholinergic pathways.
    • Cardiac denervation, such as in heart transplantation, alters the heart's response to neural and pharmacological stimuli.
    • Understanding neurotransmitter sensitivity post-denervation is crucial for managing cardiac function.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the chronotropic effects of norepinephrine and acetylcholine (ACh) on the canine sinus node after cardiac denervation.
    • To assess changes in sinus node sensitivity to adrenergic and cholinergic neurotransmitters following extrinsic cardiac parasympathectomy or stellectomy.
    • To evaluate the impact of denervation on the differential responses to norepinephrine and ACh.

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    Main Methods:

    • Selective perfusion of the canine sinus node artery with norepinephrine and acetylcholine in dogs that underwent sham procedures, extrinsic cardiac parasympathectomy, or bilateral stellectomy.
    • Recording of blood pressure, heart rate, ECG, and local cardiac electrograms.
    • Verification of parasympathectomy effectiveness through vagal stimulation.

    Main Results:

    • Selective sinus node perfusion with acetylcholine did not produce significantly different bradycardic responses between parasympathectomized and sham-operated dogs.
    • Responses to norepinephrine were significantly greater in stellectomized dogs compared to sham-operated dogs, confirming increased sinus node sensitivity.
    • The study successfully verified a technique for assessing sinus node sensitivity to neurotransmitters post-denervation.

    Conclusions:

    • Extrinsic denervation of the canine sinus node induces differential sensitivity to adrenergic and cholinergic neurotransmitters.
    • These altered sensitivities may significantly influence the pharmacological responses and electrical stability of denervated or transplanted hearts.
    • Findings highlight the importance of considering differential neurotransmitter effects in the context of cardiac denervation and transplantation.