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Exercise to improve physiologic and functional performance in old age

J M Chandler1, E C Hadley

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Merck Research Laboratories, Blue Bell, Pennsylvania, USA.

Clinics in Geriatric Medicine
|November 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Exercise interventions benefit older adults, improving physiological functions like strength and oxygen uptake. For frail elders, exercise can help maintain function and slow decline, potentially improving mobility and daily activities.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Older adults experience physiological decline with age.
  • Exercise interventions are increasingly studied for their benefits in this demographic.
  • Variability in exercise type, intensity, and participant health status complicates outcome interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of exercise interventions on elderly men and women.
  • To synthesize findings on physiological and functional outcomes of exercise in older adults.
  • To explore exercise effects across different health statuses in the elderly population.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of studies on exercise interventions in older adults.
  • Analysis of physiological outcomes (e.g., strength, maximum oxygen uptake).

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  • Assessment of functional outcomes (e.g., gait speed, chair rise time, disability measures).

    • Main Results:

    • Exercise interventions demonstrate positive physiological effects in older adults across various ages.
    • Both resistance and aerobic training improve musculoskeletal and cardiovascular health.
    • The magnitude of physiological benefits may be reduced in frailer individuals or with lower intensity exercise.
    • Exercise may preserve physiologic reserve in the most impaired elders.
    • Functional improvements, particularly in gait speed and chair rise time, are more pronounced in frailer individuals.

    Conclusions:

    • Exercise training is a viable strategy for mitigating impairments in older adults.
    • Regular physical activity can lead to functional improvements and enhance quality of life in the elderly.
    • Further research is needed to clarify the impact of exercise on disability measures in this population.