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Blood pressure response during dental surgery
T Tsuchihashi1, Y Takata, H Kurokawa
1Department of Internal Medicine, Kyushu Dental College, Kitakyushu, Japan.
Summary
Dental surgery can cause significant blood pressure increases, not predictable by baseline measures or stress tests. Larger blood pressure responses during surgery correlate with higher anesthetic doses and pericoronitis risk.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Physiology
- Dental Anesthesiology
Background:
- Dental procedures, particularly tooth extraction, can elicit physiological stress responses.
- Understanding cardiovascular responses during dental surgery is crucial for patient safety and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate blood pressure and pulse rate changes during dental surgery.
- To identify predictors of these cardiovascular responses.
Main Methods:
- Studied 21 patients undergoing tooth extraction.
- Assessed blood pressure, pulse rate, and anxiety before and during surgery.
- Included a mental arithmetic stress test prior to dental treatment.
Main Results:
- Blood pressure increased significantly during dental surgery (24/13 mmHg).
- The magnitude of blood pressure increase during surgery was not correlated with age, sex, baseline BP, or stress response.
- Higher blood pressure responders required more local anesthetic and had more pericoronitis cases.
Conclusions:
- Cardiovascular responses during dental surgery are complex and not predictable by pre-operative stress tests.
- Factors like the reason for extraction and anesthetic volume influence blood pressure changes.
- Further research is needed to understand and manage these responses.