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Endolymphatic sac obstruction. Biochemical studies

H Silverstein, T Takeda

    The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology
    |July 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Biochemical changes in inner ear fluid occur in experimental endolymphatic hydrops and Ménière's disease. Altered sodium and potassium levels suggest a potential link between fluid imbalance and hearing loss.

    Area of Science:

    • Otolaryngology
    • Neuroscience
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Endolymphatic hydrops is a condition affecting the inner ear.
    • Ménière's disease is characterized by episodes of vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss.
    • Biochemical changes in inner ear fluids are implicated in the pathophysiology of these conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the biochemical changes in inner ear fluids following experimental endolymphatic hydrops in guinea pigs.
    • To compare these findings with biochemical alterations observed in patients with Ménière's disease.

    Main Methods:

    • Endolymphatic hydrops was induced in guinea pigs by obstructing the endolymphatic duct.
    • Inner ear fluids were collected and analyzed biochemically at various time points post-obstruction.

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  • Fluid samples from patients with Ménière's disease were also analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • Experimental endolymphatic hydrops in guinea pigs showed increased potassium and decreased sodium concentrations, indicative of endolymph-perilymph mixing.
    • Biochemical alterations, including increased sodium and decreased potassium, were observed in cochlear endolymph of guinea pigs and patients with Ménière's disease.
    • Changes were most pronounced several months after endolymphatic sac obstruction.

    Conclusions:

    • Endolymphatic hydrops is associated with significant biochemical alterations in inner ear fluids.
    • Elevated endolymph sodium concentration may be a feature of both experimental hydrops and Ménière's disease.
    • The precise role of these ionic changes in the associated hearing loss requires further investigation.