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Related Experiment Videos

Is leukocytospermia clinically relevant?

E H Yanushpolsky1, J A Politch, J A Hill

  • 1Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.

Fertility and Sterility
|November 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

High seminal leukocyte levels correlate with poor sperm quality in infertile men. Increased granulocyte concentrations above 2 x 10(6)/mL significantly impact sperm parameters, affecting male fertility outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Andrology
  • Urology

Background:

  • Seminal leukocytes, particularly granulocytes, are increasingly recognized as a factor influencing male reproductive health.
  • Elevated seminal leukocyte concentrations (leukocytospermia) have been linked to impaired sperm function and infertility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between seminal leukocyte concentrations and various semen parameters in a large cohort of men undergoing infertility evaluation.
  • To determine specific thresholds of seminal granulocyte concentration that correlate with clinically significant abnormalities in sperm parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective clinical study involving 1,710 male partners of infertile couples.
  • Measurement of seminal leukocyte (granulocyte) concentrations, sperm count, motility, and morphology.

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  • Assessment of the prevalence of suboptimal semen specimens based on in vitro fertilization (IVF) criteria.

    • Main Results:

    • A strong positive correlation was observed between increasing seminal granulocyte concentrations and abnormal semen parameters.
    • Statistically significant declines in sperm concentration and morphology were noted at leukocytospermia thresholds of 5 x 10(5) and 2 x 10(6) granulocytes/mL, respectively.
    • The prevalence of semen specimens meeting IVF criteria for suboptimal total motile sperm per ejaculate significantly increased with higher granulocyte counts, doubling at 2 x 10(6) granulocytes/mL.

    Conclusions:

    • Increasing seminal granulocyte concentrations are significantly associated with poorer semen quality.
    • Seminal granulocyte concentrations exceeding 2 x 10(6)/mL are linked to statistically and clinically significant abnormalities in semen parameters, impacting male fertility.