Interfacial shear strength and histology of plasma sprayed and sintered hydroxyapatite implants in vivo

The interfaces of bone with sintered hydroxyapatite (SHA) and plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite-coated (HAC) implants in the femora of six dogs were examined by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and push-out tests. The results demonstrated that there was no significant difference at 12 and 24 weeks after insertion between the interfacial shear strengths with bone for the two types of implants, however, the histological characteristics of the bone around the plasma sprayed HA could be distinguished from that of the sintered HA. The HAC implants showed an early surface biodegradation as compared with the SHA implants. The observed differences in the interfacial zones may be attributed to different bone cell activities and variations in the dynamics of bone formation, possibly resulting from a higher level of dissolution/reprecipitation along the plasma sprayed HA surface.