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Related Experiment Videos

Word frequency and age effects in normally developing children's phonological processing

G A Troia1, F P Roth, G H Yeni-Komshian

  • 1Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

Journal of Speech and Hearing Research
|October 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Children

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Educational Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Phonological processing skills are crucial for early reading development.
  • Understanding the relationship between phonological awareness and reading abilities in young children is essential.
  • Limited cognitive resources may influence performance on phonological tasks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate phonological processing abilities in kindergarten and second-grade students.
  • To examine the influence of word frequency on phonological tasks.
  • To explore the relationship between phonological skills, reading ability, and reading comprehension.

Main Methods:

  • Administered four phonological processing tasks: confrontation naming, rapid naming, sound segmentation, and sound blending.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessed single-word reading and silent reading comprehension.
  • Measured response accuracy and latency, analyzing data based on grade level and word frequency.

    • Main Results:

    • Second graders outperformed kindergarteners in naming speed, accuracy, sound segmentation, and blending.
    • High-frequency words were processed faster and sometimes more accurately than low-frequency words.
    • Phonological skills were intercorrelated and related to word recognition and reading comprehension.

    Conclusions:

    • Phonological processing skills and their relationship to reading develop significantly between kindergarten and second grade.
    • Word frequency impacts phonological processing, particularly blending, but not segmentation.
    • Findings support a limited cognitive resources framework for understanding these developmental changes.