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Related Experiment Videos

Thyroid hormone and estrogen interact to regulate behavior

T L Dellovade1, Y S Zhu, L Krey

  • 1Laboratory of Neurobiology and Behavior, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA. dellort@rockvax.rockefeller.edu

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|October 29, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Thyroid hormone (T3) can disrupt female reproductive behavior by interacting with estrogen receptors (ERs) in the brain. This interaction affects gene transcription and hormone-mediated behaviors, revealing a new mechanism of nuclear receptor signaling.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Molecular Endocrinology
  • Reproductive Biology

Background:

  • Environmental factors influencing thyroid hormone (T3) levels impact female reproductive physiology and behavior.
  • Thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) and estrogen receptors (ERs) share binding similarities on DNA response elements.
  • Previous studies confirmed the presence and DNA-binding capabilities of both TRs and ERs in rat hypothalamic nuclear extracts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if T3-mediated effects on female reproductive behavior are influenced by interactions between TR and ER.
  • To explore the functional consequences of TR-ER interactions in the brain's control of reproductive behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Ovariectomized (OVX) rats were treated with estradiol benzoate (EB) alone or in combination with varying T3 concentrations.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Lordosis behavior, a measure of female sexual receptivity, was assessed in response to EB treatment.
  • Hypothalamic ER-immunoreactive cell counts were quantified following T3 treatment.

    • Main Results:

    • High T3 doses significantly reduced EB-induced lordosis behavior in OVX rats.
    • Thyroidectomy (low endogenous T3) enhanced EB-induced lordosis behavior.
    • T3 treatment increased the number of hypothalamic ER-immunoreactive cells, without reducing plasma estradiol levels or general tissue responsiveness.

    Conclusions:

    • Molecular interactions between TR and ER in hypothalamic neurons mediate environmental influences on estrogen-dependent reproductive behavior.
    • T3 may suppress EB-dependent sexual behavior via TR-ER interactions within the brain.
    • This study presents the first functional evidence of nuclear receptor cross-talk in the brain, opening new avenues for understanding neuronal integration of environmental signals.