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Importance of a medical treatment in mesenteric vein thrombosis (MVT)
1Hematology Division, University of Louvain (UCL), St-Luc University Clinic, Brussels, Belgium.
Abstract:
Mesenteric vein thrombosis (MVT) and particularly superior mesenteric vein thrombosis (SMVT) can induce 5 to 15 percent of mesenteric and intestinal infarctions in a small and large bowels. The thrombotic process can be idiopathic or consecutive to inherited or acquired thrombophilic states. The clinical diagnosis of this event remains difficult and requires always specific imaging investigation to treat as soon as possible. Its evolution and mortality rate are quite different than these observed in arterial mesenteric ischemic accident. Medical treatment with thrombolytic, anticoagulant, antiplatelet and antispasmodic agents, initiated promptly after precocious diagnosis is able not only to prevent surgical procedure but also to reduce significantly the mortality and recurrence rate of this venous thrombotic event.
Insights
Mesenteric vein thrombosis (MVT), especially superior mesenteric vein thrombosis (SMVT), causes bowel infarction. Prompt medical treatment can prevent surgery and reduce mortality for this venous thrombotic event.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Surgery
- Gastroenterology
- Hematology
Background:
- Mesenteric vein thrombosis (MVT), particularly superior mesenteric vein thrombosis (SMVT), is a significant cause of mesenteric and intestinal infarction.
- The thrombotic process can be idiopathic or secondary to inherited or acquired thrombophilic conditions.
- Clinical diagnosis is challenging and necessitates specific imaging for timely intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the diagnostic challenges and treatment outcomes of mesenteric vein thrombosis.
- To emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and medical management in MVT.
- To differentiate MVT from arterial mesenteric ischemic events.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical cases and diagnostic imaging findings in MVT.
- Analysis of treatment strategies including thrombolytic, anticoagulant, antiplatelet, and antispasmodic agents.
- Comparison of outcomes between MVT and arterial mesenteric ischemia.
Main Results:
- MVT accounts for 5-15% of bowel infarctions.
- Early medical treatment can avert surgical intervention.
- Prompt diagnosis and treatment significantly decrease mortality and recurrence rates.
Conclusions:
- Mesenteric vein thrombosis requires prompt diagnosis and aggressive medical management.
- Effective treatment strategies can significantly improve patient outcomes and reduce complications.
- Understanding the distinct pathophysiology and outcomes of MVT compared to arterial events is crucial for patient care.