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Dilated cardiomyopathy in the Newfoundland: a study of 37 cases (1983-1994)

A Tidholm1, L Jönsson

  • 1Animal Hospital of Stockholm, Danderyd, Sweden.

Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association
|November 1, 1996
PubMed

Insights

Dilated cardiomyopathy in Newfoundlands causes congestive heart failure. This study found attenuated wavy fibers and interstitial fibrosis as key histopathological changes, with atrial fibrillation being the most common arrhythmia.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Cardiology
  • Canine Pathology

Background:

  • Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common cardiac disease in large-breed dogs.
  • Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a frequent sequela of DCM.
  • Newfoundlands are predisposed to DCM, making them a relevant model for studying the disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the clinical, echocardiographic, and histopathological findings of dilated cardiomyopathy in a large cohort of Newfoundlands.
  • To compare these findings with existing knowledge of DCM in other canine populations.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 37 Newfoundland dogs diagnosed with CHF secondary to DCM.
  • Diagnosis confirmed by echocardiographic evidence of reduced shortening fraction (FS) and clinical/necropsy signs of heart failure.
  • Histopathological examination of cardiac tissues.

Main Results:

  • Echocardiography revealed reduced FS in all cases.
  • Atrial fibrillation was the most prevalent arrhythmia.
  • Histopathology showed attenuated wavy fibers and interstitial fibrosis.
  • Systolic murmurs were infrequent (4/37 cases).
  • No significant sex predilection was identified.

Conclusions:

  • Dilated cardiomyopathy in Newfoundlands presents with characteristic echocardiographic and histopathological findings.
  • Atrial fibrillation is a common manifestation of the disease in this breed.
  • The findings support the use of Newfoundlands as a model for studying DCM and its associated congestive heart failure.

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