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Analysis of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-specific CD8+ T-cells in Rhesus Macaques by Peptide-MHC-I Tetramer Staining
Published on: December 23, 2016
Chemokine expression in simian immunodeficiency virus-induced AIDS encephalitis
V G Sasseville1, M M Smith, C R Mackay
1Division of Comparative Pathology, New England Regional Primate Research Center, Southborough, Massachusetts 01772-9102, USA.
The American Journal of Pathology
|November 1, 1996
Summary
Neurological dysfunction in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection may involve toxic substances from infected macrophages. Studies show specific chemokines are elevated in SIV-infected macaques, suggesting a role in brain inflammation and leukocyte recruitment.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Immunology
- Virology
Background:
- Neurological dysfunction is a significant concern in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection.
- Macrophage infiltration in the central nervous system (CNS) characterizes HIV encephalitis and correlates with HIV-associated dementia.
- HIV-infected monocyte/macrophages may produce neurotoxic substances contributing to HIV-associated dementia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the mechanisms of HIV infection and leukocyte recruitment to the CNS.
- To explore the role of chemokines in the pathogenesis of SIV-induced encephalitis in macaque monkeys, serving as a model for HIV infection.
Main Methods:
- Immunohistochemical analysis of brain tissue from SIV-infected macaque monkeys.
- Quantification of C-C chemokines (macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha and -beta, RANTES, monocyte chemotactic protein-3) and C-X-C chemokine (interferon-inducible protein-10) expression.
Main Results:
- Elevated expression of macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha and -beta, RANTES, monocyte chemotactic protein-3, and interferon-inducible protein-10 was observed in the encephalitic brain of SIV-infected macaques.
- These findings indicate a potential role for these chemokines in the inflammatory response within the CNS.
Conclusions:
- The studied chemokines are implicated in leukocyte recruitment to the brain during SIV infection.
- These results provide insights into the inflammatory processes underlying viral encephalitis and may inform therapeutic strategies for HIV-associated neurological disorders.
