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Related Experiment Videos

Backspatter from experimental close-range shots to the head. I. Macrobackspatter

B Karger1, R Nüsse, G Schroeder

  • 1Institut für Rechtsmedizin, Westfälische-Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany.

International Journal of Legal Medicine
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

This study investigated gunshot backspatter in calf heads, finding stain patterns independent of shooting distance. Droplet ejection velocity and spread were analyzed to understand this forensic phenomenon.

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Ballistics
  • Biomechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Backspatter, the ejection of biological material from gunshot wounds, is crucial in forensic investigations.
  • Understanding backspatter dynamics aids in reconstructing shooting events and determining trajectories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate gunshot backspatter patterns.
  • To analyze droplet characteristics and ejection dynamics from transverse gunshots to the head.

Main Methods:

  • Calf heads (n=9) were subjected to transverse 9 mm Parabellum gunshots at varying distances (0-10 cm).
  • Bloodstains were collected on paper placed 60 cm below the impact site and analyzed for diameter > 0.5 mm.
  • High-speed film documented the sequence of events, including droplet ejection and velocity.

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Main Results:

  • Backspatter occurred in all gunshots, with stain counts (31-324) independent of shooting distance.
  • Droplet travel distances ranged from 72-119 cm, with most accumulating within 50 cm.
  • Minimum initial droplet velocities were calculated at 13-61 m/s, with ejection occurring 0.7-4 ms post-impact.

Conclusions:

  • Gunshot backspatter is influenced by subcutaneous gas expansion and intracranial pressure.
  • The observed patterns suggest a 180-degree spread of ejected droplets.
  • Findings provide insights into the biomechanics of gunshot wound ballistics and forensic analysis.