The use of visual feedback to control vocal intensity and nasalization

A device which provides visual feedback of vocal intensity, nasalization, or a ratio of nasalization to vocal intensity, is described. The device was used in several experiments in which control of vocal intensity was a necessary component. Normal and hypernasal speakers were able to control their vocal intensities successfully when using the visual display. The display also was used in an experiment designed to determine how well normal speakers can manipulate their nasalization without visual feedback and whether they improve when feedback is provided. Subjects manipulated their nasalization first without feedback, then with feedback, then, again, without feedback. The subjects' performance improved when feedback was provided and determined when feedback was removed. It appears that this device is useful for many applications in a variety of settings.