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The biological basis of panic disorder
J H Krystal1, D N Deutsch, D S Charney
1West Haven Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Conn 06516, USA.
The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
|January 1, 1996
Summary
Recent research advances our understanding of panic disorder neurobiology. Studies suggest a heritable predisposition and a brain network model involving multiple neuronal systems for panic attacks.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Genetics
Background:
- Anxiety disorders, particularly panic disorder, have been extensively studied over the last decade.
- Advances in understanding the neuroanatomical and neurochemical underpinnings of these conditions are crucial for developing effective treatments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize current research on the neurobiological basis of panic disorder.
- To present a network model of panic involving dysregulated neuronal systems.
- To highlight the role of genetic predisposition in susceptibility to panic.
Main Methods:
- Review of challenge studies using various panicogenic agents with diverse pharmacologic mechanisms.
- Analysis of genetic studies investigating heritable predispositions to panic.
- Integration of functional imaging studies examining the anatomical basis of anxiety and fear.
Main Results:
- Challenge studies suggest a network model of panic involving dysregulation of multiple neuronal systems.
- Genetic analyses indicate a heritable predisposition (panic diathesis) increasing susceptibility to pharmacologic challenge.
- Functional imaging confirms preclinical findings, identifying a network of brain regions involved in anxious behaviors and panic attacks.
Conclusions:
- Current research provides a theoretical framework for understanding panic disorder.
- This framework supports the ongoing development of improved diagnostic and treatment strategies for panic disorder.
- Understanding the neurobiological network is key to advancing clinical interventions.