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Enterotoxigenic enteric bacteria causing secretory diarrhoea

N Jindal1, S Arora, R Arora

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Medical College, Amritsar.

Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology
|April 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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This study investigated enteric bacteria causing secretory diarrhea, finding Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae as key pathogens. High rates of drug resistance and R-plasmid transfer were observed, particularly in drug-resistant Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium strains.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Secretory diarrhea poses a significant global health challenge, particularly in developing regions.
  • Enteric bacterial infections are a leading cause of diarrheal diseases across all age groups.
  • Understanding the prevalence of enterotoxigenicity and antimicrobial resistance in these pathogens is crucial for effective treatment and control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the enterotoxigenicity and prevalence of drug resistance among enteric bacteria isolated from secretory diarrhea cases.
  • To identify the primary bacterial pathogens responsible for secretory diarrhea in the studied population.
  • To investigate the characteristics of drug resistance, including R-plasmid transfer, in key enteropathogenic bacteria.

Main Methods:

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  • Isolation and identification of enteric bacteria from stool samples of patients with secretory diarrhea.
  • Enterotoxigenicity testing of isolated bacterial strains.
  • Antimicrobial susceptibility testing to determine drug resistance patterns.
  • Plasmid analysis to assess the transfer of R-plasmids to recipient strains.

Main Results:

  • Escherichia coli (44.4%), Vibrio cholerae (28.8%), Salmonella typhimurium (19.2%), and Campylobacter jejuni (2.4%) were the predominant pathogens.
  • 104 (42.6%) strains exhibited enterotoxigenicity, with Vibrio cholerae showing 100% enterotoxigenicity.
  • High multi-drug resistance was observed in Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (89.3%) and Salmonella typhimurium (100%), with significant R-plasmid transfer rates (40% and 100%, respectively).
  • Vibrio cholerae displayed lower multi-drug resistance (5.5%).

Conclusions:

  • Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae are significant contributors to secretory diarrhea, exhibiting concerning levels of enterotoxigenicity and antimicrobial resistance.
  • The high prevalence of multi-drug resistant strains and R-plasmid transfer highlights the urgent need for antimicrobial stewardship and infection control measures.
  • Further research is warranted to understand the mechanisms of resistance and develop targeted therapeutic strategies against these prevalent enteric pathogens.