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Haemophilus parainfluenzae infective endocarditis

P Lee¹, K H Mak, M L Ling

¹Department of Cardiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.

Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore

|September 1, 1996

Summary

Gram-negative endocarditis, particularly from Haemophilus parainfluenzae, is increasing. This case highlights a successful treatment of native valve endocarditis with antibiotics and valve replacement.

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Area of Science:

Infectious Diseases
Cardiology
Microbiology

Background:

Gram-negative endocarditis incidence has risen due to factors like immunosuppression and substance abuse.
Haemophilus species are increasingly identified as a common cause of native and prosthetic valve endocarditis.

Observation:

A 39-year-old male presented with heart failure and persistent fever, indicative of infective endocarditis.
Echocardiography revealed bi-leaflet mitral valve prolapse with severe mitral regurgitation and a vegetation on the flail anterior leaflet.

Findings:

The patient was diagnosed with Haemophilus parainfluenzae endocarditis.
Treatment involved 4 weeks of intravenous ampicillin and 2 weeks of gentamicin, leading to a positive clinical response.

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Implications:

This case underscores the importance of considering Gram-negative bacteria, specifically Haemophilus species, in infective endocarditis.
Prompt diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic therapy, followed by potential valve replacement, are crucial for managing this condition.