Implementation of a flu immunization program for homebound elders: a graduate student practicum

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Gerontology
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Influenza poses a significant mortality risk for individuals aged 65 and older, accounting for 80-90% of US deaths.
• Influenza-related hospitalizations incur substantial economic costs, estimated at $750 million to $1 billion annually.
• Despite high risk, targeted influenza programs for the elderly, especially homebound individuals, are notably scarce.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe the development and implementation of a graduate student practicum focused on influenza immunization for homebound elders.
• To address the underutilization of influenza vaccines among the elderly population, particularly those with limited mobility.
• To utilize the Health Belief Model as a framework for designing an effective home-based vaccination intervention.

Main Methods:

• A graduate student practicum was established to create and execute an influenza immunization initiative.
• The Health Belief Model guided the intervention design, focusing on perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers.
• Influenza vaccinations were administered directly within the home environment for homebound elderly participants.

Main Results:

• The home-based influenza immunization program successfully vaccinated 88 homebound elders.
• The intervention demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of delivering vaccines to a vulnerable, homebound population.
• The program addressed a critical public health need identified in national objectives like Healthy People 2000.

Conclusions:

• Home-based influenza immunization programs are essential for reaching homebound elderly individuals at high risk.
• Utilizing theoretical frameworks like the Health Belief Model can enhance the success of public health interventions.
• Increased vaccine uptake among older adults is crucial for reducing influenza-related morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs.