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Implementation of a flu immunization program for homebound elders: a graduate student practicum

D L Hughes, D Tartasky

    Geriatric Nursing (New York, N.Y.)
    |September 1, 1996
    PubMed
    Summary

    Influenza disproportionately affects older adults, causing most deaths and high hospitalization costs. A home-based immunization program successfully provided influenza vaccines to 88 homebound elders, addressing a critical gap in elder care.

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    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Gerontology
    • Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Influenza poses a significant mortality risk for individuals aged 65 and older, accounting for 80-90% of US deaths.
    • Influenza-related hospitalizations incur substantial economic costs, estimated at $750 million to $1 billion annually.
    • Despite high risk, targeted influenza programs for the elderly, especially homebound individuals, are notably scarce.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe the development and implementation of a graduate student practicum focused on influenza immunization for homebound elders.
    • To address the underutilization of influenza vaccines among the elderly population, particularly those with limited mobility.
    • To utilize the Health Belief Model as a framework for designing an effective home-based vaccination intervention.

    Main Methods:

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    • A graduate student practicum was established to create and execute an influenza immunization initiative.
    • The Health Belief Model guided the intervention design, focusing on perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers.
    • Influenza vaccinations were administered directly within the home environment for homebound elderly participants.

    Main Results:

    • The home-based influenza immunization program successfully vaccinated 88 homebound elders.
    • The intervention demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of delivering vaccines to a vulnerable, homebound population.
    • The program addressed a critical public health need identified in national objectives like Healthy People 2000.

    Conclusions:

    • Home-based influenza immunization programs are essential for reaching homebound elderly individuals at high risk.
    • Utilizing theoretical frameworks like the Health Belief Model can enhance the success of public health interventions.
    • Increased vaccine uptake among older adults is crucial for reducing influenza-related morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs.