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[Mannitol poisoning: anuria caused by a diuretic]
1Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden, Locatie Noord, afd. Inwendige Geneeskunde.
Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde
|September 7, 1996
Summary
High doses of mannitol can cause acute kidney injury, particularly in patients with existing kidney problems. Hemodialysis effectively restored renal function by reducing mannitol levels in the blood.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pharmacology
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Cerebral edema is a serious condition often managed with osmotic diuretics like mannitol.
- Mannitol is commonly used to reduce intracranial pressure.
Observation:
- A 75-year-old male patient developed anuria (cessation of urine production) after two days of mannitol treatment for cerebral edema.
- The patient had pre-existing renal impairment.
Findings:
- High-dose mannitol administration can precipitate acute renal failure, especially in vulnerable patients.
- Hemodialysis rapidly decreased plasma mannitol concentrations.
Implications:
- Prompt recognition of mannitol-induced acute kidney injury is crucial.
- Hemodialysis is an effective intervention for reversing mannitol-induced renal toxicity.
- Caution is advised when using high-dose mannitol in patients with compromised renal function.