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Hepatitis C virus infection in family members of chronic carriers

R De Mercato1, J P Cantiello, U Celentano

  • 1University Federico II, Medical School, Naples, Italy.

Minerva Medica
|July 1, 1996
PubMed

Insights

Hepatitis C (HCV) transmission within families is low, with no infections found in children. However, a higher prevalence was observed in spouses, suggesting sexual transmission may occur, especially with longer cohabitation.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can lead to chronic liver disease.
  • Understanding intrafamilial transmission is crucial for public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the seroprevalence of HCV antibodies among family members of chronic HCV carriers.
  • To assess the role of household contact and cohabitation duration in HCV transmission.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 54 index patients with HCV-related chronic liver disease.
  • Serological testing for HCV antibodies was performed on 54 spouses and 99 children.
  • Mean cohabitation time was analyzed in relation to HCV antibody status.

Main Results:

  • Overall HCV seroprevalence was 7.8%.
  • Twelve spouses (22.2%) tested positive for HCV antibodies; no children were positive.
  • Longer cohabitation time was associated with higher HCV prevalence in couples.

Conclusions:

  • Intrafamilial transmission of HCV appears limited, particularly to children.
  • Sexual transmission of HCV is a possibility and its prevalence correlates with the duration of cohabitation.

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