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Malignant abdominal tumors in children

A T Rai1, F Moazam

  • 1Department of Surgery, Robert C Byrd HSCN, West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown 26506-9238, USA.

JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|August 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Early diagnosis and multimodality treatment significantly improve survival rates for childhood abdominal malignancies. This study highlights the importance of timely medical attention for conditions like Wilms' tumor in pediatric patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Malignant abdominal tumors are a significant concern in pediatric populations.
  • Wilms' tumor is the most prevalent childhood abdominal malignancy.
  • Understanding the demographics and outcomes of these tumors is crucial for improving patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics and outcomes of malignant abdominal tumors in children.
  • To analyze the presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of Wilms' tumor.
  • To assess the survival rates and recurrence of childhood abdominal malignancies.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 53 pediatric patients (ages 1-18) with malignant abdominal tumors diagnosed between 1987 and 1993.
  • Analysis of tumor types, patient demographics, clinical presentation, diagnostic methods (ultrasonography, CT scan), and treatment modalities (surgery, chemotherapy).
  • Evaluation of treatment outcomes, including survival rates and recurrence, specifically for Wilms' tumor.

Main Results:

  • Wilms' tumor represented 28.3% of cases, followed by Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (20.8%) and neuroblastomas (11.3%).
  • The majority of patients (60.3%) were under 5 years old, with a 1:1 male to female ratio.
  • Patients with Stage III Wilms' tumor often presented late (>1 month from symptom onset), whereas those with Stage I/II presented earlier.
  • A 93.3% survival rate was observed for Wilms' tumor with no recurrences after a mean follow-up of 1 year and 9 months.

Conclusions:

  • Timely diagnosis and prompt treatment initiation are critical for improving outcomes in pediatric abdominal malignancies.
  • Multimodality treatment, including surgery and chemotherapy, is effective in managing these aggressive tumors.
  • Improved survival rates for childhood malignancies are achievable with early detection and comprehensive care strategies.

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