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Influence of antibiotics on posttransfusion platelet increment
M Böck1, K H Muggenthaler, U Schmidt
1Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University of Magdeburg, Germany.
Transfusion
|November 1, 1996
Summary
Antibiotics negatively impact platelet transfusion success, independent of fever. Specific antibiotics like vancomycin and ciprofloxacin significantly reduce platelet counts in patients, necessitating further research.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Transfusion Medicine
Background:
- Fever is a known cause of platelet refractoriness.
- Antibiotic administration often accompanies fever treatment, confounding the assessment of their individual effects on platelet transfusion success.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the independent effects of body temperature and antibiotic administration on platelet transfusion outcomes.
- To identify specific antibiotics that may negatively influence transfusion success.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 400 single-donor platelet transfusions.
- Inclusion of factors such as spleen size, transfusion history, diagnosis, and bone marrow transplantation.
- Utilized a general mixed model of variance to analyze the impact of body temperature and antibiotics.
Main Results:
- Both elevated body temperature and antibiotic administration independently reduced the corrected count increment (CCI).
- Splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, bone marrow transplantation, and pretransfusion storage time also affected CCI.
- Amphotericin B, ciprofloxacin, and vancomycin demonstrated the most significant negative impact on CCI.
Conclusions:
- Antibiotic administration adversely affects platelet transfusion success, irrespective of fever.
- Vancomycin and ciprofloxacin, in addition to amphotericin B, significantly reduce corrected count increment.
- Further in vivo and in vitro studies are warranted to validate these findings, particularly for patients with bone marrow failure receiving these common antibiotics.