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Diffusion tensor MR imaging of the human brain

C Pierpaoli1, P Jezzard, P J Basser

  • 1Neuroimaging Branch, National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1178, USA.

Radiology
|December 1, 1996
PubMed
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Quantitative diffusion tensor imaging reveals consistent water diffusion in the brain, with variations in anisotropy reflecting white matter architecture. This technique aids in assessing brain disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Biophysics
  • Medical Physics

Background:

  • Water diffusion in brain tissue is anisotropic and heterogeneously oriented.
  • Understanding these diffusion properties is crucial for diagnosing neurological disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively assess intrinsic water diffusion properties in the normal human brain.
  • To utilize orientation-insensitive diffusion tensor parameters for improved brain assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Calculated diffusion tensor (D) parameters, including Trace(D) and diffusion anisotropy indices.
  • Acquired diffusion-weighted images from eight healthy adults using echo-planar imaging.
  • Processed 31 multisection, interleaved images in approximately 25 minutes.

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Main Results:

  • Trace(D) was consistent across normal brain parenchyma, with higher values in the cortex.
  • Diffusion anisotropy varied significantly across white matter regions, correlating with fiber tract architecture.
  • Observed higher parallel to perpendicular diffusivity ratios and cylindrical symmetry in corpus callosum and pyramidal tracts compared to centrum semiovale.

Conclusions:

  • Quantitative characterization of water diffusion in complex brain tissues is clinically feasible.
  • Diffusion tensor parameters provide insights into tissue microstructure.
  • This approach can enhance the neuroradiologic assessment of gray and white matter disorders.