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Does hyperinsulinemia preserve bone?

E Barrett-Connor1, D Kritz-Silverstein

  • 1Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0607, USA. ebarrettconnor@ucsd.edu

Diabetes Care
|December 1, 1996
PubMed
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Hyperinsulinemia, or high insulin levels, may increase bone mineral density (BMD) in women. This study found a positive association between fasting insulin and BMD in the radius and spine of older women.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Osteoporosis Research
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Obesity and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) are linked to higher bone mineral density (BMD).
  • Hyperinsulinemia is a potential underlying factor connecting these conditions to bone health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that hyperinsulinemia is an osteogenic factor.
  • To examine the relationship between insulin levels and bone mineral density (BMD) in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Study included 411 men and 559 women (aged 50-89) from the Rancho Bernardo Heart and Chronic Disease Study.
  • Fasting and postchallenge insulin levels were measured. Bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed at the radius, lumbar spine, and hip using relevant imaging techniques.

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Main Results:

  • In men, the association between insulin and hip BMD was not significant after adjusting for covariates.
  • In women, fasting insulin showed a significant positive correlation with bone density in the radius and spine (P < 0.05).
  • This association in women remained independent of numerous lifestyle and health factors, including age, BMI, and hormone use.

Conclusions:

  • Hyperinsulinemia may contribute to the increased bone mineral density (BMD) observed in women with diabetes and obesity.
  • The findings suggest a specific role for insulin in bone metabolism in postmenopausal women.