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Heat propagation in dentin during instrumentation with different sonic scaler tips
1Department of Periodontology, University of Greifswald, School of Dentistry, Germany.
Quintessence International (Berlin, Germany : 1985)
|April 1, 1996
Summary
Using sonic scalers without coolant can dangerously increase tooth temperature up to 35°C. Coolant use limits temperature rise to 4°C, with heat dissipation depending on coolant temperature.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Biomaterials
- Thermal Analysis
Background:
- Root surface debridement is crucial in periodontal therapy.
- Sonic scalers offer an alternative for calculus removal.
- Understanding heat generation during sonic scaling is vital for pulp protection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify temperature changes in dentin during sonic scaling.
- To evaluate the effect of coolant on heat dissipation.
- To determine the relationship between application force and temperature increase.
Main Methods:
- Dental specimens were instrumented using two sonic scaler tips.
- Temperature changes were measured with and without coolant.
- Variations in coolant temperature were assessed.
- The force of application was systematically altered.
Main Results:
- Coolant use limited temperature increases to approximately 4°C.
- Without coolant, dentinal temperatures could rise to 35°C.
- Heat propagation was significantly influenced by coolant temperature.
- A strong positive correlation existed between application force and temperature rise.
Conclusions:
- Sonic scalers must be used with coolant to prevent excessive dentinal heating.
- Coolant temperature plays a critical role in managing heat during sonic scaling.
- Operator-applied force directly impacts the risk of thermal injury to the tooth.