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Related Experiment Videos

New design for a pumping artificial lung

A J Makarewicz1, L F Mockros, C Mavroudis

  • 1Division of Cardiovascular-Thoracic Surgery, Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Illinois 60614, USA.

ASAIO Journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)
|September 1, 1996
PubMed
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A new pumping artificial lung (PAL) prototype (Type B) integrates pumping and oxygenation functions. This novel design demonstrates superior blood flow and gas exchange rates compared to previous models and commercial oxygenators.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiovascular Devices
  • Respiratory Support

Background:

  • Extracorporeal perfusion circuits require separate pump and oxygenator components.
  • Previous pumping artificial lung (PAL) prototypes (Type A) faced limitations in pumping rates and gas exchange efficiency.
  • Redesign was necessary to improve the integrated function of artificial lungs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and test a new prototype of a pumping artificial lung (PAL) that integrates both pumping and oxygenation functions.
  • To evaluate the performance of the Type B PAL prototypes in terms of blood flow and gas exchange.
  • To address the limitations of previous PAL designs.

Main Methods:

  • Developed Type B PAL prototypes utilizing an annular bank of gas-exchanging microporous fibers to drive blood flow.

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  • Integrated the fiber bank within a modified Bio-Medicus BMP-50 pump head, driven by magnetic coupling.
  • Conducted in vitro saline testing to assess pumping performance and gas exchange rates.

    • Main Results:

    • Two PAL-B prototypes were constructed with low priming volumes (140 ml) and varying gas exchange surface areas (0.16 and 0.60 m2).
    • Prototypes achieved significant pumping rates of 7.0 L/min against zero head at 3,500 rpm.
    • The larger prototype exhibited high gas exchange rates (up to 71 ml O2/min and 75 ml CO2/min) and superior gas exchange fluxes compared to commercial oxygenators in saline.
    • High rotational speeds showed no adverse effects on fiber durability or gas exchange capabilities.

    Conclusions:

    • The Type B PAL design successfully integrates pumping and oxygenation, overcoming limitations of Type A prototypes.
    • PAL-B prototypes demonstrate promising performance with high flow rates and efficient gas exchange, exceeding current commercial oxygenators in saline conditions.
    • Future development will focus on increasing surface area and utilizing smaller diameter fibers to further enhance performance.