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Hughes syndrome: a common problem in Kuwait hospitals
A N Malaviya1, R Marouf, K Al-Jarallah
1Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Kuwait.
British Journal of Rheumatology
|November 1, 1996
Summary
Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS), or Hughes syndrome, is a severe condition presenting with thrombosis and recurrent abortions. This study highlights its prevalence and ethnic distribution in Kuwait, noting its absence in patients from the Indian subcontinent.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Immunology
- Vascular Medicine
Background:
- Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS), also known as Hughes syndrome, is an autoimmune disorder.
- It is characterized by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies, leading to an increased risk of blood clots (thrombosis) and pregnancy complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of APS in Kuwait.
- To identify the ethnic distribution of APS patients in the region.
- To report the first findings of Hughes syndrome in the Middle East.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study of patients with suspected Hughes syndrome over one year in two Kuwaiti teaching hospitals.
- Diagnosis confirmed by detecting anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and/or lupus anticoagulants (LAC).
- Classification into primary APS (idiopathic) or secondary APS (associated with SLE or SLE-like illness).
Main Results:
- Thirty-two patients diagnosed with APS (12 primary, 20 secondary).
- Predominant ethnic groups were Arab, Filipino, and White; no patients from the Indian subcontinent.
- Common presentations included thrombosis (75%) and recurrent abortions (50%); severe manifestations required intensive care in 31% and resulted in one fatality.
Conclusions:
- Hughes syndrome is a significant health concern in Kuwait, affecting Arab, Filipino, and White populations.
- Clinical manifestations can be severe, necessitating intensive care and carrying a risk of mortality.
- The absence of patients from the Indian subcontinent suggests potential ethnic or geographical factors influencing APS prevalence.
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