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Related Experiment Videos

Laser system for measuring small changes in plasma tracer concentrations

J W Klaesner1, N A Pou, R E Parker

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.

Biomedical Instrumentation & Technology
|November 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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A new laser-diode system accurately measures plasma concentration in whole blood by first separating red blood cells (RBCs). This innovation overcomes limitations of previous optical systems, enabling precise physiological measurements.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Physiological Measurement
  • Optical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Previous optical systems for whole blood analysis were hindered by red blood cell (RBC) artifacts.
  • Accurate on-line plasma concentration measurements are crucial for understanding physiological systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel laser-diode system for on-line optical plasma concentration measurements in physiological systems.
  • To overcome the limitations posed by RBCs in previous optical measurement techniques.

Main Methods:

  • A laser-diode system utilizing a filter cartridge to separate RBCs from plasma prior to measurement at a single wavelength.
  • Evaluation of the Cellco filter cartridge's performance, including response time and macromolecule sieving characteristics.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison of the laser-diode system's sensitivity and accuracy against a spectrophotometer and a gravimetric method in an isolated canine lung preparation.

    • Main Results:

    • The filter cartridge demonstrated excellent sieving for macromolecules, with filtrate-to-plasma albumin ratios of 0.98 +/- 0.11 (sheep) and 0.94 +/- 0.15 (dogs).
    • The 635-nm laser diode system exhibited higher sensitivity compared to previous spectrophotometric methods.
    • Measurements of filtration coefficient (Kfc) and reflection coefficient for albumin (delta f) using the laser diode system (0.33 +/- 0.22) closely matched those obtained by spectrophotometry (0.27 +/- 0.20) and gravimetry (0.32 +/- 0.23).

    Conclusions:

    • The developed laser-diode system accurately measures plasma concentration changes in whole blood under physiological conditions.
    • This system offers a significant improvement over existing optical methods by effectively removing RBC interference.
    • The versatile system can be adapted for various physiological applications using different optical tracers and wavelengths.