Activation patterns of murine B cells after oral administration of an encapsulated soluble antigen

Oral administration of soluble protein antigen, ovalbumin (OVA), encapsulated by an acid-resistant acrylic polymer, induced a strong immune response in BDF1 mice. Mice fed the encapsulated OVA showed activation of antigen-specific IgA, IgG and IgG1 isotype antibody-secreting cells which migrated to various lymphoid tissues via the common mucosal immune system traffic pathway. The highest number of antigen-specific antibody secreting cells was found in the Peyer's patches isolated from the upper segment of the small intestine, with their numbers declining along the length of the intestinal tract. Oral administration of this product suggests activation of lymphocytes exhibiting Th2 phenotype as shown by OVA-specific IgA and IgG1 isotype antibody responses. In conclusion, we demonstrated that oral administration of encapsulated soluble protein, in the absence of adjuvant, can activate the murine common mucosal immune system.