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[Extrapyramidal signs in Alzheimer's disease]

A Pfeffer-Baczuk1, M Barcikowska, A Karwańska

  • 1Zakładu Neuropatologii, Centrum Medycyny Doświadczalnej i Klinicznej PAN w Warszawie.

Neurologia I Neurochirurgia Polska
|May 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Extrapyramidal signs, like bradykinesia and rigidity, are common in Alzheimer's disease patients. Their presence is linked to more severe dementia but not other disease characteristics.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Geriatrics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder.
  • Extrapyramidal signs (EPS) are motor symptoms typically associated with other neurological conditions.
  • The prevalence and impact of EPS in AD are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the occurrence of extrapyramidal signs in patients diagnosed with probable Alzheimer's disease.
  • To identify common EPS features in this population.
  • To explore the relationship between EPS and clinical characteristics of Alzheimer's disease, including dementia severity.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed 112 patients meeting NINCDS/ADRDA criteria for probable Alzheimer's disease.
  • Evaluated patients for the presence and type of extrapyramidal signs.
  • Compared clinical features, including age of onset, symptom duration, primitive reflexes, psychotic symptoms, and dementia severity, between patients with and without EPS.

Main Results:

  • Extrapyramidal signs were observed in 50% of the Alzheimer's disease patients.
  • Bradykinesia and rigidity were the most frequent EPS observed.
  • Resting tremor was rare.
  • No significant differences in age of onset, symptom duration, primitive reflexes, or psychotic symptoms were found between groups.
  • EPS presence was significantly associated with greater dementia severity.

Conclusions:

  • Extrapyramidal signs are a common feature in a significant portion of Alzheimer's disease patients.
  • Bradykinesia and rigidity are the predominant EPS in this cohort.
  • The presence of EPS in Alzheimer's disease is a marker of increased dementia severity, suggesting a potential link to disease progression or specific pathological subtypes.

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