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Acquisition of host cell-surface-derived molecules by HIV-1
1Institute for Hygiene and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for AIDS Research, Innsbruck, Austria.
AIDS (London, England)
|December 1, 1996
Summary
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) acquires host cell-membrane molecules during budding, with uptake being selective and cell-type-specific. Certain molecules are upregulated on infected cells and incorporated into virions.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is known to bud from host cells.
- The composition of the viral envelope is thought to be derived from the host cell membrane.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the acquisition of host cell-membrane molecules by HIV-1 during budding.
- To determine if this acquisition is cell-type-specific and selective.
Main Methods:
- Virions propagated from four different cell types were analyzed for cell-membrane molecules.
- Phenotypic analysis of virions used a two-step assay involving antibody capture and p24 antigen detection.
- Flow cytometry (FACS) analyzed surface molecule expression on infected and uninfected cells.
Main Results:
- HIV-1 virions incorporated cell-membrane molecules specific to the cell type from which they were propagated.
- The uptake of these molecules was selective, with some molecules (e.g., CD4, CD87) not detected on virions.
- Certain molecules (CR3, CDw108) were upregulated on infected cells and detected on virions.
Conclusions:
- HIV-1 acquires a diverse set of cell-type-specific molecules during budding.
- The incorporation of cell-surface molecules into virions is a selective process influenced by HIV-1 infection.