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Renal amyloidosis--a clinicopathologic study

V B Shah1, A M Phatak, B S Shah

  • 1B.Y.L. Nair Hospital, Bombay.

Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology
|July 1, 1996
PubMed
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This study investigated renal amyloidosis incidence over 20 years. Secondary amyloidosis, often linked to tuberculosis, was most common, with nephrotic syndrome a frequent presentation.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Pathology
  • Medical Research

Background:

  • Amyloidosis is a complex condition characterized by protein misfolding and deposition in organs.
  • Renal involvement is a significant complication, often leading to progressive kidney disease.
  • Understanding the incidence and patterns of renal amyloidosis is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To retrospectively determine the incidence and patterns of renal amyloidosis.
  • To identify the common causes and clinical presentations of renal amyloidosis.
  • To evaluate diagnostic techniques for amyloidosis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 19,075 necropsies and 1,169 renal biopsies from 1973-1992.
  • Classification of amyloidosis into primary and secondary types.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Histopathological examination using conventional staining and Thioflavine-T.
  • Potassium permanganate test for differentiating amyloid fibril types.
  • Analysis of clinical data, including presentation and causes of death.

    • Main Results:

    • A total of 75 cases of amyloidosis were detected (0.162% in necropsies, 3.59% in biopsies).
    • Secondary amyloidosis accounted for 82.66%, primarily caused by tuberculosis (79.03%).
    • Nephrotic syndrome was the most common presentation (52%), and renal failure was the leading cause of death (51.51%).
    • Thioflavine-T staining was more sensitive than conventional methods; potassium permanganate test differentiated fibril types.
    • Abdominal fat aspiration showed potential for early diagnosis.

    Conclusions:

    • Renal amyloidosis, particularly secondary to tuberculosis, occurs with significant frequency.
    • Early diagnosis through methods like abdominal fat aspiration may increase in-life detection rates.
    • Effective diagnostic tools, including specific staining and biochemical tests, are vital for accurate characterization.