Comprehension of time-compressed speech: effects of age and speech complexity

The periodic sampling method of time compression is characterized by periodic removal of segments of speech according to predetermined compression rate (CR) and discard interval length (DIL). Fifteen middle-aged (42-54 years old) and 15 older (60-69 years old) adults participated in the study that assessed the combined effects of CR and DIL on the comprehension of time-compressed speech by aging adults. Three CRs (30, 45, and 60%), seven DILs (35 through 155 msec), and two types of speech materials were used. The subject's task was to report associations among the items mentioned in a time-compressed passage. In all cases, performance of the subjects deteriorated with increasing CR and DIL. The older adults were affected more by CR and DIL values than middle-aged adults. The difference in sentence complexity between the two speech materials affected both groups equally. In general, the results of the study indicated that (a) time-compressed speech differentiates between speech comprehension by middle-aged and older adults and (b) the effects of CR and DIL became more independent with increasing age of the listener and increasing complexity of the speech material. Reported results support the concept that time-compressed speech may be an effective signal in clinical assessment of adults whose auditory complaints are not explained by their peripheral hearing losses.