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Related Experiment Videos

Pragmatics in analogical mapping

B A Spellman1, K J Holyoak

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Mezes 330, Austin, TX 78712, USA. spellman@mail.utexas.edu

Cognitive Psychology
|December 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Pragmatic factors, like processing goals, influence analogical reasoning by guiding how people map concepts. This study shows goals shape mappings, even resolving ambiguities, supporting computational models of analogy.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Psychology
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Analogical reasoning theories vary on the role of pragmatic factors.
  • The ACME model integrates pragmatic, structural, and semantic constraints in analogical mapping.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how processing goals (pragmatic factors) influence analogical mappings.
  • To test the ACME model's prediction that pragmatic constraints interact with other constraints.

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments involved participants generating mappings between non-isomorphic analogs.
  • Processing goals were manipulated to observe their effect on mapping preferences.
  • Ambiguous mappings were analyzed in relation to goal-relevant and goal-irrelevant information.

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Main Results:

  • Manipulating processing goals significantly influenced participants' preferred analogical mappings.
  • Goal-irrelevant information facilitated many-to-one mappings and resolved structural ambiguities.
  • Results aligned with the ACME model's predictions.

Conclusions:

  • Pragmatic factors, specifically processing goals, play a crucial role in constraining analogical mappings.
  • The ACME model effectively simulates the impact of processing goals via selective attention.
  • Findings support a dynamic interplay of constraints in analogical reasoning.