Is there an immunogenetic basis for Peyronie's disease?

Despite numerous studies, there has been no definitive HLA association with Peyronie's disease. Results of available studies have been reviewed and compared to determine if the cumulative evidence supports any immunogenetic, HLA association with Peyronie's disease.

Data from reports of HLA associations with Peyronie's disease were reanalyzed by categories of reported HLA class I or class II antigens in comparison with recently available large population analysis of the frequencies of these antigens in the normal population. Data were also considered by whether they were derived from population or family analyses.

The results of 4 series of patients testing an association of Peyronie's disease with the HLA class I antigens, in particular the B7 related antigens, were contradictory. A B7 association was not confirmed in 2 larger series and, in fact, the B7 related antigens were observed in frequencies expected in a normal population, suggesting that the associations observed in the smaller series were due to chance. An association with the HLA class II antigen, DQ2, was found in 1 of the larger series. Reported family studies suggest a genetic basis for Peyronie's disease but do not indicate a gene closely linked to the HLA complex.

Considering all available data, Peyronie's disease appears to be multifactorial in pathogenesis. Because Peyronie's disease is likely heterogeneous and because available studies have analyzed serologically defined HLA antigens, future studies to define HLA alleles molecularly and to characterize patient subgroups may clarify an immunogenetic basis.