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Monocular diplopia caused by ocular aberrations and hyperopic defocus

R L Woods1, A Bradley, D A Atchison

  • 1Centre for Eye Research, School of Optometry Queensland University of Technology, Australia. R.Woods@gcal.ac.uk

Vision Research
|November 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Monocular diplopia, or double vision in one eye, can occur due to an interaction between defocus and ocular spherical aberration. This study confirms Verhoeff's hypothesis, explaining this common visual phenomenon.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Optical Physics
  • Visual Neuroscience

Background:

  • The human eye, a near-monofocal system, typically forms a single retinal image.
  • Perceptual monocular diplopia (double vision in one eye) is frequently reported, yet its high incidence in normal eyes remains incompletely understood.
  • Existing models struggle to fully explain the prevalence of monocular diplopia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a model where monocular diplopia arises from the interplay between defocus and ocular spherical aberration.
  • To experimentally validate Verhoeff's hypothesis regarding the ocular origins of monocular diplopia.
  • To quantify the relationship between transverse aberrations, defocus, and perceived diplopia.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a psychophysical hyperacuity-based alignment procedure to measure transverse aberration functions across the pupil in three subjects.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Derived ocular transverse aberration functions under conditions of best refraction, simulated myopia, and simulated hyperopia.
  • Measured monocular diplopia under the same refractive conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • All subjects exhibited significant positive spherical aberration, varying in degree.
    • Hyperopic defocus, when combined with positive spherical aberration, transformed the transverse aberration function from monotonic to biphasic.
    • The predicted inflection points of the modified transverse aberration function correlated with the presence and magnitude of perceived diplopia.

    Conclusions:

    • The interaction between defocus and positive spherical aberration is a key mechanism causing monocular diplopia.
    • Experimental findings support Verhoeff's (1900) hypothesis for the ocular basis of monocular diplopia.
    • Understanding these optical aberrations is crucial for explaining common visual disturbances like monocular diplopia.