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Pulmonary hyperinflation a clinical overview

G J Gibson1

  • 1Dept of Respiratory Medicine Freeman Hospital Newcastle upon Type, UK.

The European Respiratory Journal
|December 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Pulmonary hyperinflation, an increase in lung volume, is common in airway obstruction. Reducing hyperinflation can improve symptoms and exercise performance in patients with chronic airway disease.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Pulmonary hyperinflation is defined as an increased functional residual capacity, common in symptomatic diffuse airway obstruction.
  • It can be inferred from chest radiographs indicating increased total lung capacity.
  • Changes in lung and chest wall elasticity increase the respiratory system's relaxation volume (Vr) in chronic airway disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the phenomenon of pulmonary hyperinflation.
  • To outline its causes, including static and dynamic components.
  • To detail its clinical consequences and associations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on pulmonary hyperinflation.
  • Analysis of physiological definitions and measurements.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Correlation of hyperinflation with clinical outcomes.

    • Main Results:

    • Pulmonary hyperinflation is virtually universal in symptomatic diffuse airway obstruction.
    • Dynamic hyperinflation occurs when inspiration begins before lung volume returns to Vr, increasing mechanical load on inspiratory muscles.
    • Consequences include impaired inspiratory muscle function, increased work of breathing, hypercapnia, reduced exercise performance, and increased breathlessness.

    Conclusions:

    • Pulmonary hyperinflation significantly impacts patients with airway obstruction.
    • It contributes to impaired respiratory muscle function and exercise intolerance.
    • Symptomatic improvement with bronchodilators may be partly due to reduced hyperinflation.