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Infections in solid-organ transplant recipients

R Patel1, C V Paya

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.

Clinical Microbiology Reviews
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Solid-organ transplantation recipients face significant infection risks. Understanding infection timing and types post-transplant is crucial for patient management and improving outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Transplantation

Background:

  • Solid-organ transplantation is a vital treatment for various diseases.
  • Infections represent a major post-transplant complication, necessitating thorough pre-transplant screening.
  • Understanding the temporal patterns of infections is key to managing transplant recipients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the common infections encountered by solid-organ transplant recipients.
  • To describe the typical timing and types of infections post-transplantation.
  • To highlight the significance of infectious disease screening and management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of common infections in solid-organ transplant recipients.
  • Categorization of infections based on post-transplant timeframes (early, intermediate, late).
  • Identification of specific pathogens associated with each period.

Main Results:

  • Early post-transplant infections (first month) are often linked to surgical complications.
  • Opportunistic infections are prevalent between 2-6 months post-transplantation.
  • Late post-transplant infections (beyond 6 months) resemble those in the general population, with specific bacterial, viral, fungal, mycobacterial, pneumocystis, and parasitic infections noted.

Conclusions:

  • Infection risk and type vary significantly with time post-solid-organ transplantation.
  • Proactive infectious disease screening and tailored management strategies are essential for transplant success.
  • Fungal infections pose the highest mortality risk, underscoring the need for vigilance.

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