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Differentiation between dyspnea and its affective components

V Carrieri-Kohlman1, J M Gormley, M K Douglas

  • 1Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, USA.

Western Journal of Nursing Research
|December 1, 1996
PubMed
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Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can distinguish breathing distress and anxiety from breathing intensity. This finding may lead to better COPD treatment selection and outcome validity.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Respiratory Physiology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Dyspnea is a common symptom in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).
  • Understanding the distinct components of dyspnea perception is crucial for effective management.
  • Patients' ability to differentiate symptom intensity from emotional response requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if individuals with COPD can differentiate the distress and anxiety of dyspnea from its intensity and perceived effort.
  • To assess the relationship between different components of dyspnea perception in COPD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Fifty-two COPD subjects rated dyspnea components using a visual analog scale.
  • Assessments were conducted at rest, after a 6-minute walk (6MWD), and during an incremental treadmill test (ET).

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Main Results:

  • Subjects successfully differentiated the four dyspnea components during both 6MWD and ET.
  • Dyspnea intensity correlated with perceived breathing effort, while distress correlated with anxiety.
  • Patients could distinguish their affective response to dyspnea from symptom intensity.

Conclusions:

  • COPD patients can differentiate affective responses to dyspnea from its intensity.
  • Measuring affective responses to dyspnea may enhance COPD treatment selection and outcome assessment.