[Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus--strategies and problems in genetic research]

Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is at present one of the most serious and widespread diseases with a mass incidence and its treatment is very costly. In the genesis and development of the disease genetic factors participate along with environmental factors. Genetic research of NIDDM is difficult, as ensues from the very essence of this heterogeneous disease. Research concentrates on the identification of specific genetic determinants which influence the predisposition of the individual to glucose intolerance which, if revealed, would make more effective prevention and treatment possible. Intensive research is focused on different candidate genes. Although some "minority" genes were identified, the primary diabetogen was not revealed so far and partial positive results must be confirmed on a larger population sample. The article reviews the contemporary state of genetic research of the disease.