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Congenital idiopathic talipes equinovarus (clubfoot). Current concepts
1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Medical Center, South Sacramento, California, USA.
Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery
|January 1, 1997
Abstract:
Congenital idiopathic talipes equinovarus (clubfoot) is a complex and challenging entity. This article reviews its history, incidence, and classification as well as the current controversies regarding its causes, pathologic anatomy, evaluation and diagnostic techniques, surgical intervention, and treatment assessment methods.