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Crotoxin-induced behavioral effects in rats

E G Moreira¹, N Nascimento, G J Rosa

¹Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brasil.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research = Revista Brasileira De Pesquisas Medicas E Biologicas

|May 1, 1996

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Crotoxin, a snake venom component, alters rat behavior by increasing freezing and grooming while decreasing exploration. These effects suggest crotoxin induces an anxious state, which diazepam can counteract.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Toxicology
Behavioral Pharmacology

Background:

Crotoxin is the primary component of Crotalus durissus terrificus venom.
Specific binding sites for crotoxin exist in the brain, suggesting neuroactivity.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the behavioral effects of crotoxin in rats.
To determine if crotoxin influences open-field and hole-board test behaviors.

Main Methods:

Adult male Wistar rats were administered varying doses of crotoxin (100, 250, 500 µg/kg).
Behavioral assessments were conducted using open-field and hole-board tests 2 hours post-injection.
Diazepam was used to antagonize observed crotoxin effects.

Main Results:

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Crotoxin significantly altered rat behavior, increasing freezing and grooming while decreasing ambulation and rearing in the open-field test.
In the hole-board test, crotoxin reduced head-dip counts, indicating decreased exploratory behavior.
Diazepam (1.5 mg/kg) antagonized all behavioral effects induced by crotoxin.

Conclusions:

Crotoxin reduces open-field activity and exploratory behavior in rats.
The observed behavioral alterations suggest crotoxin induces an increased emotional state, potentially anxiety.
These findings highlight crotoxin's neurotoxic and behavioral effects, with implications for understanding venom neurotoxicity.