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Paraneoplastic syndromes of gynecologic neoplasms
A A Ashour1, C F Verschraegen, A P Kudelka
1Section of Gynecologic Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030-4095, USA.
Purpose And Design:
The purpose of this review is to define and describe the paraneoplastic syndromes associated with gynecologic neoplasms. A comprehensive search of MEDLINE from 1966 to January 1996 and Cancerlit was performed. One hundred twenty-two reports were reviewed.
Results:
Twenty-four paraneoplastic syndromes have been associated with gynecologic malignancies. Six anatomic systems are affected by these syndromes. However, except for disseminated intravascular coagulation and hypercalcemia, these syndromes are rare.
Conclusion:
Paraneoplastic syndromes are not frequently associated with gynecologic malignancies. The diagnosis of these syndromes is essential, as they can be occasionally life-threatening. Some paraneoplastic syndromes can be used as marker of progression or regression of the underlying malignancy.