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[Epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases: role of ovarian hormones]
1Département de Médecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne.
Insights
Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of death, but recent advances in treatment and risk factor management have improved outcomes. This review examines epidemiological trends and sex-based differences in cardiovascular disease, particularly in Switzerland.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Context:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the primary cause of mortality in industrialized nations like Switzerland.
- CVD impacts a significant proportion of both inpatient and outpatient populations.
- Recent trends indicate a decline in CVD incidence and improved patient prognosis.
Purpose:
- To review the epidemiological aspects of cardiovascular diseases.
- To discuss the observed differences in clinical manifestations between men and women.
- To highlight the protective effect in women until menopause.
Summary:
- Despite being a major cause of death, cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence is declining with improved prognoses due to advancements in treatment and risk factor management.
- Sex-based differences in CVD manifestation exist, with women exhibiting protection until menopause.
- Epidemiological data from Switzerland and other industrialized countries are discussed.
Impact:
- Provides insights into the evolving landscape of cardiovascular disease epidemiology.
- Highlights the importance of considering sex-specific factors in cardiovascular health.
- Informs public health strategies and clinical practice for managing cardiovascular diseases.
Abstract:
Cardiovascular diseases represent the major cause of mortality in industrialized countries, including Switzerland, and affect a large percentage of hospitalized patients and patients seen in outpatient clinics. Recently, a decline in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases has been observed, associated with a general improvement in prognosis. This has been attributed to progress achieved in the treatment of many cardiovascular diseases, and to a better identification and treatment of various risk factors. Differences in the clinical manifestations of cardiovascular diseases have been observed between men and women. Women seem to be protected until the time of menopause. In this review, various epidemiological aspects of cardiovascular diseases in men and women are discussed.