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Difficulties in integrating spirituality into psychotherapy

R A Schultz-Ross1, T G Gutheil

  • 1University of Hawaii, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu 96813, USA.

The Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research
|April 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Spiritual and psychotherapeutic issues are often intertwined, impacting patient-therapist relationships. Addressing this connection faces professional resistance due to traditional views and training deficits.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychiatry
  • Theology

Background:

  • The distinction between spiritual and psychotherapeutic issues is often unclear, with potential for overlap.
  • Patient perceptions of therapists can be influenced by the therapist's perceived spirituality.
  • Therapists' ability to differentiate psychopathological from spiritual beliefs may hinge on self-awareness of their own belief systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the complex relationship between spirituality and psychotherapy.
  • To identify barriers hindering the integration of spiritual considerations into psychotherapy training and practice.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of the intersection between spiritual and psychological domains.
  • Discussion of traditional psychotherapeutic training limitations regarding spiritual issues.

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Main Results:

  • The boundary between spiritual and psychotherapeutic concerns is ill-defined and frequently interwoven.
  • Therapist spirituality influences patient assessment and therapist self-awareness is crucial for distinguishing spiritual from pathological beliefs.
  • Professional integration is impeded by historical exclusion of spirituality, discomfort with personal beliefs, diminished focus on therapist factors, and reduced supervision.

Conclusions:

  • Psychotherapy training and practice need to address the integration of spiritual issues.
  • Overcoming professional resistance requires acknowledging the interwoven nature of spiritual and psychotherapeutic concerns.
  • Enhanced therapist self-awareness and robust supervision are vital for navigating spiritual dimensions in therapy.