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Extended high-frequency audiometry in traumatic tympanic membrane perforations

P Hallmo1

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ullevål University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Scandinavian Audiology
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

This study on traumatic tympanic membrane perforation found that while most perforations heal, some patients experience temporary or permanent sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus. Hearing improvements occur after tympanic membrane closure, but a slight conductive loss may persist.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Audiology
  • Hearing Science

Background:

  • Traumatic tympanic membrane perforations can impact hearing.
  • Understanding the long-term audiological consequences is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate hearing thresholds and outcomes following traumatic tympanic membrane perforation.
  • To assess the incidence and nature of sensorineural and conductive hearing loss.

Main Methods:

  • Air- and bone-conduction audiometry were performed in 38 patients.
  • Audiometry covered extended frequency ranges (0.125-18 kHz for air, 0.25-16 kHz for bone).
  • Patients were monitored through tympanic membrane healing and beyond.

Main Results:

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  • 16 ears showed sensorineural threshold elevation, with 9 permanent and 4 high-frequency.
  • Tinnitus and sensorineural hearing loss improved over time in most cases.
  • A temporary bone-conduction elevation was noted before closure, with a mean 5 dB increase above 8 kHz in 26 ears.
  • Tympanic membrane closure improved air-conduction thresholds by 7-20 dB.
  • A mean 3 dB conductive hearing loss above 8 kHz persisted in 26 ears post-healing, attributed to scarring.
  • 37 of 38 perforations healed spontaneously.

Conclusions:

  • Most traumatic tympanic membrane perforations heal, leading to significant hearing improvements.
  • Sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus can occur but often diminish.
  • Persistent, though mild, conductive hearing loss may result from scarring in the pars tensa.