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[Metalloproteinases in the extracellular matrix: structure and activity]
A Cuvelier1, C Kuntz, R Sesboüé
1Unité INSERM 295, Faculté de Médecine de Rouen, Saint-Etienne du Rouvray.
Revue Des Maladies Respiratoires
|January 1, 1997
Summary
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are enzymes that break down extracellular matrix. Certain MMPs, particularly elastolytic types from macrophages, are implicated in pulmonary emphysema development.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
Context:
- Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) comprise a family of 14 enzymes.
- These enzymes degrade extracellular matrix components, including interstitial and basement membranes.
- Human MMPs are synthesized by diverse cell types.
Purpose:
- To detail the structural characteristics of MMPs.
- To outline substrate preferences for MMPs.
- To describe the synthesis sites of MMPs and their inhibitors, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs).
Summary:
- MMPs play a crucial role in extracellular matrix remodeling during physiological and pathophysiological processes.
- Elastolytic MMPs, produced by monocytes and macrophages, are specifically highlighted.
- These macrophage-derived MMPs are strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of acquired pulmonary emphysema.
Impact:
- Provides insights into the enzymatic mechanisms underlying extracellular matrix degradation.
- Identifies specific MMPs involved in lung tissue remodeling.
- Suggests potential therapeutic targets for pulmonary emphysema by focusing on macrophage-derived elastolytic MMPs.