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Hemoperfusion with alpha-amanitin: an in vitro study
M Mydlík1, K Derzsiová, J Klán
14th Medical Clinic, Medical School, University of P.J. Safárik, Kosice, Slovak Republic.
The International Journal of Artificial Organs
|February 1, 1997
Summary
Amberlite XAD-2 effectively removes alpha-amanitin via hemoperfusion in vitro. This method shows promise for treating poisoning from Amanita phalloides mushrooms.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Pharmacology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Alpha-amanitin is a potent toxin found in poisonous mushrooms like Amanita phalloides.
- Acute poisoning requires effective methods for toxin removal to improve patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of different hemoperfusion materials for alpha-amanitin removal in vitro.
- To compare the adsorption capacity and efficiency of active charcoal, Amberlite XAD-2, and Amberlite XAD-4.
Main Methods:
- Conducted sixteen in vitro hemoperfusion experiments using a closed system.
- Utilized hemoperfusion capsules containing active charcoal, Amberlite XAD-2, or Amberlite XAD-4.
- Perfusion solution consisted of 4 liters of 0.9% NaCl with an initial alpha-amanitin concentration of 8.3 mg/L.
Main Results:
- Amberlite XAD-2 hemoperfusion achieved zero alpha-amanitin concentration after 240 minutes.
- Active charcoal showed reduced efficacy, with its adsorption capacity exhausted by 120 minutes.
- Amberlite XAD-4 also demonstrated hemoperfusion capabilities, though less effective than XAD-2.
Conclusions:
- Amberlite XAD-2 is the most effective material for in vitro alpha-amanitin hemoperfusion among those tested.
- Hemoperfusion with Amberlite XAD-2 is recommended for acute Amanita phalloides poisoning within 24-36 hours post-ingestion.