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Related Concept Videos

Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
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Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
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Triglycerides are a form of long-term energy storage molecules. They are made of glycerol and three fatty acids. To obtain energy from fat, triglycerides must first be broken down by hydrolysis into their two principal components, fatty acids and glycerol. This process, called lipolysis, takes place in the cytoplasm. The resulting fatty acids are oxidized by β-oxidation into acetyl-CoA, which is used by the Krebs cycle. The glycerol that is released from triglycerides after lipolysis...
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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Body Composition and Metabolic Caging Analysis in High Fat Fed Mice
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Given diabetes, is fat better than thin?

C Ross1, R D Langer, E Barrett-Connor

  • 1Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0607, USA. rlanger@ucsd.edu

Diabetes Care
|April 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

For individuals with type II diabetes, maintaining an average weight is linked to the lowest mortality rates. Being underweight, overweight, or obese is associated with poorer survival outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Type II diabetes is a significant global health concern.
  • Body Mass Index (BMI) is a key indicator of body fat and is associated with various health outcomes.
  • The relationship between BMI and mortality in diabetic populations requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and mortality risk in adult men and women diagnosed with type II diabetes.
  • To determine if BMI influences survival rates in a diabetic cohort over a 14-year period.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 373 adults (aged 40-79) with type II diabetes was studied using data from 1972-1974.
  • Participants were categorized into four sex-specific weight groups based on BMI.
  • Cox proportional hazards models were employed to analyze relative survival rates by weight category over 14 years.

Main Results:

  • Diabetic individuals with average weight exhibited the lowest mortality rates.
  • A J-shaped curve illustrated the relationship between BMI and mortality, indicating increased risk for thin, overweight, and obese individuals.
  • This association remained significant after accounting for early mortality and cigarette smoking.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest that a normal BMI is associated with better survival in individuals with type II diabetes.
  • A thin body weight does not confer a mortality advantage for diabetic men and women.
  • Maintaining an average weight appears to be a desirable health goal for this population.