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Related Experiment Videos

Elastase derived elastin peptides: putative autoimmune targets in giant cell arteritis

J M Gillot1, E Masy, M Davril

  • 1Service de Médecine Interne A, Hôpital Claude Huriez, CHU Lille, France.

The Journal of Rheumatology
|April 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) involves an immune response to elastin peptides. These peptides, generated by leukocyte elastase, trigger T cell activation in patients with GCA, suggesting they are key autoimmune targets.

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Rheumatology (Oxford, England)·2004

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is characterized by inflammation of arteries, often involving the internal elastic lamina.
  • Histological findings include granulomatous reactions and elastolysis mediated by giant cells.
  • Elastin-derived peptides are investigated as potential triggers for GCA pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate elastin-derived peptides as recall antigens for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in GCA patients.
  • To determine if T cells from GCA patients recognize specific elastin breakdown products.

Main Methods:

  • Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from 17 GCA patients, 17 non-GCA controls (vascular disease, connective tissue disease, polymyalgia rheumatica), and 17 healthy controls.

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  • PBMC cultures were stimulated with various elastin-derived peptides and elastase.
  • Proliferative responses of PBMC were analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • A significant proliferative response to elastase-derived elastin peptides was observed in 12/13 untreated GCA patients.
    • This response was diminished in 4 GCA patients undergoing steroid treatment.
    • Only 3/34 non-GCA subjects showed a response to these peptides, while other elastin peptides and elastase elicited no response.

    Conclusions:

    • Leukocyte elastase degrades native elastin, producing peptides that serve as autoimmune targets.
    • These elastin-derived peptides can elicit T cell responses in patients with GCA.
    • This finding implicates elastin breakdown products in the autoimmune mechanisms underlying GCA.